For Prelims: Geographical Information System, Spatial Data, Vector Data, Raster Data, Urban Planning, Environmental Management, Disaster Management, Agriculture, Space Research, Bhuvan, Bharat Maps, Gram Manchitra, Artificial Intelligence, IoT, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Open-Source GIS, SVAMITVA Scheme, National Geospatial Policy (NGP) 2022
For Mains: Geographical Information System (GIS): its significance in various sectors, related challenges and way forward.